SMS Medical College marks its start with the establishment of a maternity hospital, a dispensary and a medical school in Jaipur in 1855, officially inaugurated in 1861. However, this medical school was closed in 1864. It was only in 1945 that Mirza Ismail, the Diwan (Prime Minister) of the Jaipur State, started working on the project of establishing a medical college in the state, which was to be the 15th Centre for medical education in India. The foundation stone was laid down by Lord Wavell, the Governor-General and Viceroy of India, on 13 March 1946 and Sawai Man Singh Medical College was officially opened in 1947.

The first principal of the college was Dr. G.N. Sen who was replaced shortly afterwards by Dr. S.C. Mehta. In 1951, Dr. S.K. Menon took over as principal. In 1952 the college was recognized by the Medical Council of India and postgraduate courses started in 1952.

Attached hospitals
A list of hospitals attached to the SMS Medical College. This list does not include the satellite hospitals in Jaipur.

Sawai Man Singh Hospital
Mahila Chikitsalaya
Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shastri Nagar. – specialized in treating respiratory ailments such as Tuberculosis, Lung cancer, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease etc.
Psychiatric Center
Gangori Hospital
JK Lon (SPMCHI – Sir Padampad Mother and Child Health Center)
Zenana Hospital – specialised in gynaecology
Isolation Hospital (for infectious diseases)
HB Kanwatia Hospital